%0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2022 %T Characterization of Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia among Community-Dwelling Mexican Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites. %A O'Bryant, Sid E %A Petersen, Melissa %A Hall, James %A Johnson, Leigh A %A Barber, Robert %A Phillips, Nicole %A Braskie, Meredith N %A Yaffe, Kristine %A Rissman, Robert %A Toga, Arthur %X

BACKGROUND: Despite tremendous advancements in the field, our understanding of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) among Mexican Americans remains limited.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to characterize MCI and dementia among Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic whites.

METHODS: Baseline data were analyzed from n = 1,705 (n = 890 Mexican American; n = 815 non-Hispanic white) participants enrolled in the Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities (HABS-HD).

RESULTS: Among Mexican Americans, age (OR = 1.07), depression (OR = 1.09), and MRI-based neurodegeneration (OR = 0.01) were associated with dementia, but none of these factors were associated with MCI. Among non-Hispanic whites, male gender (OR = 0.33), neighborhood deprivation (OR = 1.34), depression (OR = 1.09), and MRI-based neurodegeneration (OR = 0.03) were associated with MCI, while depression (OR = 1.09) and APOEɛ4 genotype (OR = 4.38) were associated with dementia.

CONCLUSION: Findings from this study revealed that the demographic, clinical, sociocultural and biomarker characteristics of MCI and dementia are different among Mexican Americans as compared to non-Hispanic whites.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 90 %P 905-915 %8 2022 Nov 08 %G eng %N 2 %R 10.3233/JAD-220300 %0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2022 %T Metabolic Factors Are Related to Brain Amyloid Among Mexican Americans: A HABS-HD Study. %A O'Bryant, Sid E %A Petersen, Melissa %A Hall, James %A Johnson, Leigh %X

BACKGROUND: Despite the tremendous amount of research on Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers, very little data is available regarding the fundamental biomarkers of AD among Mexican Americans.

OBJECTIVE: Here we sought to examine the link between metabolic markers and brain amyloid among Mexican Americans as compared to non-Hispanic whites from the Health & Aging Brain Study -Health Disparities (HABS-HD) cohort.

METHODS: PET amyloid (florbetaben) data was analyzed from 34 Mexican American and 22 non-Hispanic white participants.

RESULTS: Glucagon (t = 3.84, p <  0.001) and insulin (t = -2.56, p = 0.02) were both significantly related to global SUVR levels among Mexican Americans. Glucagon and insulin were both related to most ROIs. No metabolic markers were significantly related to brain amyloid levels among non-Hispanic whites.

CONCLUSION: Metabolic markers are related to brain amyloid burden among Mexican Americans. Given the increased risk for diabetes, additional research is needed to determine the impact of diabetes on core AD biomarkers among this underserved population.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 86 %P 1745-1750 %8 2022 Apr 19 %G eng %N 4 %R 10.3233/JAD-215620 %0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2022 %T Proteomic Profiles of Neurodegeneration Among Mexican Americans and Non-Hispanic Whites in the HABS-HD Study. %A O'Bryant, Sid E %A Zhang, Fan %A Petersen, Melissa %A Hall, James R %A Johnson, Leigh A %A Yaffe, Kristine %A Braskie, Meredith %A Vig, Rocky %A Toga, Arthur W %A Rissman, Robert A %X

BACKGROUND: Hispanics are expected to experience the largest increase in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD related dementias over the next several decades. However, few studies have examined biomarkers of AD among Mexican Americans, the largest segment of the U.S. Hispanic population.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to examine proteomic profiles of an MRI-based marker of neurodegeneration from the AT(N) framework among a multi-ethnic, community-dwelling cohort.

METHODS: Community-dwelling Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic white adults and elders were recruited. All participants underwent comprehensive assessments including an interview, functional exam, clinical labs, informant interview, neuropsychological testing, and 3T MRI of the brain. A neurodegeneration MRI meta-ROI biomarker for the AT(N) framework was calculated.

RESULTS: Data was examined from n = 1,291 participants. Proteomic profiles were highly accurate for detecting neurodegeneration (i.e., N+) among both Mexican Americans (AUC = 1.0) and non-Hispanic whites (AUC = 0.98). The proteomic profile of N + was different between ethnic groups. Further analyses revealed that the proteomic profiles of N + varied by diagnostic status (control, MCI, dementia) and ethnicity (Mexican American versus non-Hispanic whites) though diagnostic accuracy was high for all classifications.

CONCLUSION: A proteomic profile of neurodegeneration has tremendous value and point towards novel diagnostic and intervention opportunities. The current findings demonstrate that the underlying biological factors associated with neurodegeneration are different between Mexican Americans versus non-Hispanic whites as well as at different levels of disease progression.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 86 %P 1243-1254 %8 2022 Apr 05 %G eng %N 3 %R 10.3233/JAD-210543 %0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2020 %T Combining Select Blood-Based Biomarkers with Neuropsychological Assessment to Detect Mild Cognitive Impairment among Mexican Americans. %A Petersen, Melissa %A Hall, James %A Parsons, Thomas %A Johnson, Leigh %A O'Bryant, Sid %X

BACKGROUND: Recent work has supported use of blood-based biomarkers in detection of amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Inclusion of neuropsychological measures has shown promise in enhancing utility of biomarkers to detect disease.

OBJECTIVE: The present study sought to develop cognitive-biomarker profiles for detection of MCI.

METHODS: Data were analyzed on 463 participants (normal control n = 378; MCI n = 85) from HABLE. Random forest analyses determined proteomic profile of MCI. Separate linear regression analyses determined variance accounted for by select biomarkers per neuropsychological measure. When neuropsychological measure with the least shared variance was identified, it was then combined with select biomarkers to create a biomarker-cognitive profile.

RESULTS: The biomarker-cognitive profile was 90% accurate in detecting MCI. Among amnestic MCI cases, the detection accuracy of the biomarker-cognitive profile was 92% and increased to 94% with demographic variables.

CONCLUSION: The biomarker-cognitive profile for MCI was highly accurate in its detection with use of only five biomarkers.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 75 %P 739-750 %8 2020 Jun 02 %G eng %N 3 %1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32310167?dopt=Abstract %R 10.3233/JAD-191264