%0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2022 %T Alzheimer's Disease with Epileptiform EEG Activity: Abnormal Cortical Sources of Resting State Delta Rhythms in Patients with Amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment. %A Babiloni, Claudio %A Noce, Giuseppe %A Di Bonaventura, Carlo %A Lizio, Roberta %A Eldellaa, Ali %A Tucci, Federico %A Salamone, Enrico M %A Ferri, Raffaele %A Soricelli, Andrea %A Nobili, Flavio %A Famá, Francesco %A Arnaldi, Dario %A Palma, Eleonora %A Cifelli, Pierangelo %A Marizzoni, Moira %A Stocchi, Fabrizio %A Bruno, Giuseppe %A Di Gennaro, Giancarlo %A Frisoni, Giovanni B %A Del Percio, Claudio %X

BACKGROUND: Patients with amnesic mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (ADMCI) typically show a "slowing" of cortical resting-state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms. Some of them also show subclinical, non-convulsive, and epileptiform EEG activity (EEA) with an unclear relationship with that "slowing."

OBJECTIVE: Here we tested the hypothesis that the "slowing" of rsEEG rhythms is related to EEA in ADMCI patients.

METHODS: Clinical and instrumental datasets in 62 ADMCI patients and 38 normal elderly (Nold) subjects were available in a national archive. No participant had received a clinical diagnosis of epilepsy. The eLORETA freeware estimated rsEEG cortical sources. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC) indexed the accuracy of eLORETA solutions in the classification between ADMCI-EEA and ADMCI-noEEA individuals.

RESULTS: EEA was observed in 15% (N = 8) of the ADMCI patients. The ADMCI-EEA group showed: 1) more abnormal Aβ 42 levels in the cerebrospinal fluid as compared to the ADMCI-noEEA group and 2) higher temporal and occipital delta (

CONCLUSION: It can be speculated that in ADMCI-EEA patients, AD-related amyloid neuropathology may be related to an over-excitation in neurophysiological low-frequency (delta) oscillatory mechanisms underpinning cortical arousal and quiet vigilance.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 88 %P 903-931 %8 2022 Aug 02 %G eng %N 3 %R 10.3233/JAD-220442 %0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2020 %T Epilepsy in Neurodegenerative Dementias: A Clinical, Epidemiological, and EEG Study. %A Arnaldi, Dario %A Donniaquio, Andrea %A Mattioli, Pietro %A Massa, Federico %A Grazzini, Matteo %A Meli, Riccardo %A Filippi, Laura %A Grisanti, Stefano %A Famá, Francesco %A Terzaghi, Michele %A Girtler, Nicola %A Brugnolo, Andrea %A Doglione, Elisa %A Pardini, Matteo %A Villani, Flavio %A Nobili, Flavio %X

BACKGROUND: Seizures are common in patients with dementia but precise epidemiologic data of epilepsy in neurodegenerative dementia is lacking.

OBJECTIVE: The first aim of the study was to investigate prevalence and clinical characteristics of epilepsy in a large cohort of patients with neurodegenerative dementias. Subsequently, we explored clinical, neuropsychological, and quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) data of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with epilepsy (AD-EPI) as compared to AD patients without epilepsy (AD-CTR).

METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients with a diagnosis of a neurodegenerative dementia and a clinically diagnosed epilepsy that required antiepileptic drugs (AED). All patients underwent baseline comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. A follow-up of at least one year was requested to confirm the dementia diagnosis. In AD patients, qEEG power band analysis was performed. AD-CTR and AD-EPI patients were matched for age, Mini-Mental State Examination score, and gender.

RESULTS: Thirty-eight out of 2,054 neurodegenerative dementia patients had epilepsy requiring AED. The prevalence of epilepsy was 1.82% for AD, 1.28% for the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), 2.47% for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and 12% for primary progressive aphasia. Epilepsy were more drug-responsive in AD than in non-AD dementias. Finally, no significant differences were found in neuropsychological and qEEG data between AD-EPI and AD-CTR patients.

CONCLUSION: In our cohort, AD, FTD, and DLB dementias have similar prevalence of epilepsy, even if AD patients were more responsive to AED. Moreover, AD-EPI patients did not have significant clinical, neuropsychological qEEG differences compared with AD-CTR patients.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 74 %P 865-874 %8 2020 %G eng %N 3 %1 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32116260?dopt=Abstract %R 10.3233/JAD-191315 %0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2018 %T Abnormalities of Resting State Cortical EEG Rhythms in Subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Alzheimer's and Lewy Body Diseases. %A Babiloni, Claudio %A Del Percio, Claudio %A Lizio, Roberta %A Noce, Giuseppe %A Lopez, Susanna %A Soricelli, Andrea %A Ferri, Raffaele %A Pascarelli, Maria Teresa %A Catania, Valentina %A Nobili, Flavio %A Arnaldi, Dario %A Famá, Francesco %A Aarsland, Dag %A Orzi, Francesco %A Buttinelli, Carla %A Giubilei, Franco %A Onofrj, Marco %A Stocchi, Fabrizio %A Vacca, Laura %A Stirpe, Paola %A Fuhr, Peter %A Gschwandtner, Ute %A Ransmayr, Gerhard %A Garn, Heinrich %A Fraioli, Lucia %A Pievani, Michela %A Frisoni, Giovanni B %A D'Antonio, Fabrizia %A de Lena, Carlo %A Güntekin, Bahar %A Hanoğlu, Lutfu %A Başar, Erol %A Yener, Görsev %A Emek-Savaş, Derya Durusu %A Triggiani, Antonio Ivano %A Franciotti, Raffaella %A Taylor, John Paul %A De Pandis, Maria Francesca %A Bonanni, Laura %X

The present study tested the hypothesis that cortical sources of resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms reveal different abnormalities in cortical neural synchronization in groups of patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (ADMCI) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLBMCI) as compared to cognitively normal elderly (Nold) subjects. Clinical and rsEEG data in 30 ADMCI, 23 DLBMCI, and 30 Nold subjects were available in an international archive. Age, gender, and education were carefully matched in the three groups. The Mini-Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) score was matched between the ADMCI and DLBMCI groups. Individual alpha frequency peak (IAF) was used to determine the delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2, and alpha3 frequency band ranges. Fixed beta1, beta2, and gamma bands were also considered. eLORETA estimated the rsEEG cortical sources. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROCC) classified these sources across individuals. Compared to Nold, IAF showed marked slowing in DLBMCI and moderate in ADMCI. Furthermore, the posterior alpha 2 and alpha 3 source activities were more abnormal in the ADMCI than the DLBMCI group, while widespread delta source activities were more abnormal in the DLBMCI than the ADMCI group. The posterior delta and alpha sources correlated with the MMSE score and correctly classified the Nold and MCI individuals (area under the ROCC >0.85). In conclusion, the ADMCI and DLBMCI patients showed different features of cortical neural synchronization at delta and alpha frequencies underpinning brain arousal and vigilance in the quiet wakefulness. Future prospective cross-validation studies will have to test the clinical validity of these rsEEG markers.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 62 %P 247-268 %8 2018 %G eng %N 1 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29439335?dopt=Abstract %R 10.3233/JAD-170703 %0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2018 %T Different Abnormalities of Cortical Neural Synchronization Mechanisms in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer's and Chronic Kidney Diseases: An EEG Study. %A Lizio, Roberta %A Babiloni, Claudio %A Del Percio, Claudio %A Losurdo, Antonia %A Vernò, Lucia %A De Tommaso, Marina %A Montemurno, Anna %A Dalfino, Giuseppe %A Cirillo, Pietro %A Soricelli, Andrea %A Ferri, Raffaele %A Noce, Giuseppe %A Pascarelli, Maria Teresa %A Catania, Valentina %A Nobili, Flavio %A Famá, Francesco %A Orzi, Francesco %A Giubilei, Franco %A Buttinelli, Carla %A Triggiani, A Ivano %A Frisoni, Giovanni B %A Scisci, Anna Maria %A Mastrofilippo, Nicola %A Procaccini, Deni Aldo %A Gesualdo, Loreto %X

This study tested whether resting state alpha rhythms (8-13 Hz) may characterize mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (ADMCI) compared with MCI due to chronic kidney disease (CKDMCI). Clinical and resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms from 40 ADMCI, 29 CKDMCI, and 45 cognitively normal elderly (Nold) subjects were available in a national archive. Age, gender, and education were matched in the three groups, and Mini-Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) score was paired in the ADMCI and CKDMCI groups. Delta (<4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha 1 (8-10.5 Hz), alpha 2 (10.5-13 Hz), beta 1 (13-20 Hz), beta 2 (20-30 Hz), and gamma (30-40 Hz) cortical sources were estimated by eLORETA freeware and classified across individuals by area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCC). Compared with Nold group, posterior alpha 1 source activities were more reduced in ADMCI than CKDMCI group. In contrast, widespread delta source activities were greater in CKDMCI than ADMCI group. These source activities correlated with the MMSE score and correctly classified between Nold and all MCI individuals (AUROCC = 0.8-0.85) and between ADMCI and CKDMCI subjects (AUROCC = 0.75). These results suggest that early AD affects cortical neural synchronization at alpha frequencies underpinning brain arousal and low vigilance in the quiet wakefulness. In contrast, CKD may principally affect cortical neural synchronization at the delta frequencies. Future prospective cross-validation studies will have to test these candidate rsEEG markers for clinical applications and drug discovery.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 65 %P 897-915 %8 2018 %G eng %N 3 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30103322?dopt=Abstract %R 10.3233/JAD-180245 %0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2017 %T Abnormalities of Cortical Neural Synchronization Mechanisms in Subjects with Mild Cognitive Impairment due to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases: An EEG Study. %A Babiloni, Claudio %A Del Percio, Claudio %A Lizio, Roberta %A Noce, Giuseppe %A Cordone, Susanna %A Lopez, Susanna %A Soricelli, Andrea %A Ferri, Raffaele %A Pascarelli, Maria Teresa %A Nobili, Flavio %A Arnaldi, Dario %A Famá, Francesco %A Aarsland, Dag %A Orzi, Francesco %A Buttinelli, Carla %A Giubilei, Franco %A Onofrj, Marco %A Stocchi, Fabrizio %A Stirpe, Paola %A Fuhr, Peter %A Gschwandtner, Ute %A Ransmayr, Gerhard %A Caravias, Georg %A Garn, Heinrich %A Sorpresi, Fabiola %A Pievani, Michela %A D'Antonio, Fabrizia %A de Lena, Carlo %A Güntekin, Bahar %A Hanoğlu, Lutfu %A Başar, Erol %A Yener, Görsev %A Emek-Savaş, Derya Durusu %A Triggiani, Antonio Ivano %A Franciotti, Raffaella %A Frisoni, Giovanni B %A Bonanni, Laura %A De Pandis, Maria Francesca %X

The aim of this retrospective and exploratory study was that the cortical sources of resting state eyes-closed electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms might reveal different abnormalities in cortical neural synchronization in groups of patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease (ADMCI) and Parkinson's disease (PDMCI) as compared to healthy subjects. Clinical and rsEEG data of 75 ADMCI, 75 PDMCI, and 75 cognitively normal elderly (Nold) subjects were available in an international archive. Age, gender, and education were carefully matched in the three groups. The Mini-Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) was matched between the ADMCI and PDMCI groups. Individual alpha frequency peak (IAF) was used to determine the delta, theta, alpha1, alpha2, and alpha3 frequency band ranges. Fixed beta1, beta2, and gamma bands were also considered. eLORETA estimated the rsEEG cortical sources. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) classified these sources across individuals. Results showed that compared to the Nold group, the posterior alpha2 and alpha3 source activities were more abnormal in the ADMCI than the PDMCI group, while the parietal delta source activities were more abnormal in the PDMCI than the ADMCI group. The parietal delta and alpha sources correlated with MMSE score and correctly classified the Nold and diseased individuals (area under the ROC = 0.77-0.79). In conclusion, the PDMCI and ADMCI patients showed different features of cortical neural synchronization at delta and alpha frequencies underpinning brain arousal and vigilance in the quiet wakefulness. Future prospective cross-validation studies will have to test these rsEEG markers for clinical applications and drug discovery.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 59 %P 339-358 %8 2017 %G eng %N 1 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28621693?dopt=Abstract %R 10.3233/JAD-160883 %0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2016 %T EEG Markers of Dementia with Lewy Bodies: A Multicenter Cohort Study. %A Bonanni, Laura %A Franciotti, Raffaella %A Nobili, Flavio %A Kramberger, Milica G %A Taylor, John-Paul %A Garcia-Ptacek, Sara %A Falasca, N Walter %A Famá, Francesco %A Cromarty, Ruth %A Onofrj, Marco %A Aarsland, Dag %X

Quantitative EEG (QEEG) has demonstrated good discriminative capacity for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) diagnosis as compared to Alzheimer's disease (AD) with a predictive value of 100% in a single cohort study. EEG in DLB was characterized by a dominant frequency (DF) in pre-alpha (5.5-7.5 Hz), theta, or delta bands and DF variability (DFV) >1.2 Hz, frequency prevalence (FP) pre-alpha in >40% and FP alpha in <32% of the epochs. To validate the aforementioned QEEG findings in independent cohorts of clinically diagnosed DLB versus AD patients, we analyzed EEG traces of 79 DLB and 133 AD patients (MMSE >20) collected from four European Centers. EEG traces from 19 scalp derivations were acquired as at least 10 min continuous signals and epoched in off-setting as series of 2-second-long epochs, subsequently processed by Fast Fourier Transform (frequency resolution 0.5 Hz). DLB patients showed EEG specific abnormalities in posterior derivations characterized by DF <8 Hz FP pre-alpha >50%, FP alpha <25%. DFV was >0.5 Hz. AD patients displayed stable alpha DF, DFV <0.5 Hz, FP pre-alpha <30%, and FP alpha >55%. DLB and AD differed for DF (p < 10-6), DFV (p < 0.05), FP pre-alpha (p < 10-12) and FP alpha (p < 10-12). Discriminant analysis detected specific cut-offs for every EEG mathematical descriptor; DF = 8, DFV = 2.2 Hz, FP pre-alpha=33%, FP alpha = 41% for posterior derivations. If at least one of the cut-off values was met, the percentage of DLB and AD patients correctly classified was 90% and 64%, respectively. The findings in this multicenter study support the validity of QEEG analysis as a tool for diagnosis in DLB patients.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 54 %P 1649-1657 %8 2016 Oct 18 %G eng %N 4 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27589528?dopt=Abstract %R 10.3233/JAD-160435