%0 Journal Article %J J Alzheimers Dis %D 2016 %T Vitamin D and Memory Decline: Two Population-Based Prospective Studies. %A Kuźma, Elżbieta %A Soni, Maya %A Littlejohns, Thomas J %A Ranson, Janice M %A van Schoor, Natasja M %A Deeg, Dorly J H %A Comijs, Hannie %A Chaves, Paulo H M %A Kestenbaum, Bryan R %A Kuller, Lewis H %A Lopez, Oscar L %A Becker, James T %A Langa, Kenneth M %A Henley, William E %A Lang, Iain A %A Ukoumunne, Obioha C %A Llewellyn, David J %K Humans %K Memory Disorders %K Netherlands %K Prospective Studies %K United States %K Vitamin D %K Vitamin D Deficiency %X

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency has been linked with dementia risk, cognitive decline, and executive dysfunction. However, the association with memory remains largely unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations are associated with memory decline.

METHODS: We used data on 1,291 participants from the US Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) and 915 participants from the Dutch Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam (LASA) who were dementia-free at baseline, had valid vitamin D measurements, and follow-up memory assessments. The Benton Visual Retention Test (in the CHS) and Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test (in the LASA) were used to assess visual and verbal memory, respectively.

RESULTS: In the CHS, those moderately and severely deficient in serum 25(OH)D changed -0.03 SD (95% CI: -0.06 to 0.01) and -0.10 SD (95% CI: -0.19 to -0.02) per year respectively in visual memory compared to those sufficient (p = 0.02). In the LASA, moderate and severe deficiency in serum 25(OH)D was associated with a mean change of 0.01 SD (95% CI: -0.01 to 0.02) and -0.01 SD (95% CI: -0.04 to 0.02) per year respectively in verbal memory compared to sufficiency (p = 0.34).

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest an association between severe vitamin D deficiency and visual memory decline but no association with verbal memory decline. They warrant further investigation in prospective studies assessing different memory subtypes.

%B J Alzheimers Dis %V 50 %P 1099-108 %8 2016 %G eng %N 4 %1 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26836174?dopt=Abstract %R 10.3233/JAD-150811