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Home > Interaction between Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Associated with the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease Development.

TitleInteraction between Cytomegalovirus and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Associated with the Risk of Alzheimer's Disease Development.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2018
AuthorsLövheim, H, Olsson, J, Weidung, B, Johansson, A, Eriksson, S, Hallmans, G, Elgh, F
JournalJ Alzheimers Dis
Volume61
Issue3
Pagination939-945
Date Published2018
ISSN1875-8908
KeywordsAged, Alzheimer Disease, Antibodies, Viral, Case-Control Studies, Cytomegalovirus, Cytomegalovirus Infections, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Female, Herpes Simplex, Herpesvirus 1, Human, Humans, Immunoglobulin G, Immunoglobulin M, Logistic Models, Male, Middle Aged
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Several environmental factors, including infectious agents, have been suggested to cause Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has been associated with AD in several recent studies.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether carriage of CMV, alone or in combination with Herpes simplex virus (HSV), increased the risk of developing AD.

METHODS: Plasma samples from 360 AD cases (75.3% women, mean age 61.2 years), taken an average of 9.6 years before AD diagnosis, and 360 age-, sex-, cohort-, and sampling date matched dementia-free controls were analyzed to detect anti-CMV (immunoglobulin [Ig] G and IgM), group-specific anti-HSV (IgG and IgM), and specific anti-HSV1 and HSV2 IgG antibodies by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. AD cases and dementia-free controls were compared using conditional logistic regression analyses.

RESULTS: The presence of anti-CMV IgG antibodies did not increase the risk of AD (odds ratio [OR], 0.857; p = 0.497). Among AD cases, an association between CMV and HSV1 carriage was detected (OR 7.145, p 

CONCLUSION: The present findings do not support a direct relationship between CMV infection and the development of AD; however, an interaction between CMV and HSV1 was found to be associated significantly with AD development. These findings suggest that CMV infection facilitates the development of HSV1-associated AD, possibly via its effects on the immune system.

DOI10.3233/JAD-161305
Alternate JournalJ. Alzheimers Dis.
PubMed ID29254081
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